Hi Noah, you have hit the nail on the head with your ideas. I totally agree with everything you write.

I would recommend taking a train to Haugastøl, which is at the start of Rallarvegen. (Personally I would skip Geilo as the road to Rallarvegen is on the main road 7, which isn’t too pleasant to cycle. Cycle the loop section of Route 4 and then at Ål cycle to Gol (some nice gravel roads to follow). See part of this route: http://www.ridewithgps.com/routes/42481662?privacy_code=MYoBekbvEAPSt4QK.

From Gol cycle Mjølkevegen, instead of going to Vinstra, cut off following the route linked above and go to Vågåmo. You cycle the gravel roads on the northern part of the Glacier lake to Lom and then join the National Cycle Route 6 over Sognefjellet and along the fjord before crossing and heading to Voss. From Voss, you can either cycle to Bergen or take a train back to Oslo if you are short on time.

If you cycle 100km a day (60 miles), I think it’s doable in 14 days.

You will find plenty of accommodation options along the way. But, for example, Aurlandfjellet is a barren mountain pass and will require to be cycled in a day to reach hotels or a campsite in Lærdal. When it comes to shops/gas stations, you will find enough to keep stocked up, but once again, there are sections of the mountain passes 40-70km without anything.

Rallarvegen info: http://www.ridewithgps.com/routes/39606831?privacy_code=E9Vjb0QdoUH3tbkG
Mjølkevegen Info: http://www.ridewithgps.com/routes/39601999?privacy_code=LGrMqtGBNEh7jDe7

You will experience many great and spectacular places but expect it to be cold over the mountains (gloves, winter jacket, etc, are essential). and the climbing will be challenging at times but I guess you are ready for that!